Individual VariationsĪs the value of β and the value of V BE are not same for every transistor, whenever a transistor is replaced, the operating point tends to change. Therefore, the operating point needs to be stabilized i.e. To come out of this, the biasing conditions are set so that zero signal collector current I C = 1 mA. The collector leakage current I CBO is greatly influenced by temperature variations. Temperature Dependence of I CĪs the expression for collector current I C is ![]() Let us understand these concepts in detail. Stabilization of the operating point has to be achieved due to the following reasons. A good biasing circuit helps in the stabilization of operating point. Once the stabilization is achieved, the values of I C and V CE become independent of temperature variations or replacement of transistor. The process of making the operating point independent of temperature changes or variations in transistor parameters is known as Stabilization. To achieve this, biasing circuits are introduced. Hence operating point should be made independent of the temperature so as to achieve stability. So the main problem which affects the operating point is temperature. V BE decreases by 2.5mv (for every 1 o rise). ![]()
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